National Historical Museum of the Republic of Belarus



Bible

The Bible is the scripture of Judaism and Christianity, the collection of ancient religious texts, historical representations, philosophical, literary and cultural works. The name comes from Greek and means "books" (hence - the word "library"). Structural Bible is divided into two parts: the Old Testament (the history of the pre-Christian period) and the New Testament (Christian part). The first part is an ancient Jewish Scriptures – Tanach, which consists of 39 books. They exist in all Christian Bibles, as well as the Islamic religion. However, the Old Testament of the Bible in Christian denominations (Orthodox, Catholic, Protenstantism) has differences in the order of placement of books, the number of additional works that are included in it. Some of them become Canonicity. Many of the books of the Old Testament were written by anonymous authors, but there are names of some of them in title works.

The New Testament includes 27 pieces: the four Gospels, which describe the life and preaching of Jesus Christ, a book called Acts of the Apostle, and the Book of Revelation (Apocalypse). At the beginning of the second century AD, each Gospel was written from an author whose name - Matthew, Mark, Luke, John.

The Bible was created in the vast Near East and the Mediterranean for more than 1,600 years old, dating from the 13th century BC and ending with the end of the first century AD. The Old Testament was written in Hebrew and partly in Aramaic. The New Testament was written in a dialect of ancient Greek (Koine). The Bible reflects the beliefs, faiths, traditions, social conditions of life and work of people of different eras, their moral and ethical principles, ideas about the world.

The Bible refers to the Book of books. It presents the main literary genres: short stories, legends, poems, novels, drama, elegies, songs ... It has works of all forms: hymns, sayings, predictions, legal documents, genealogy, chronicles, epistles.